In the second half of 1989 the alleged assassinations of the Indian spies and political collaborators by the Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front was intensified.
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Pakistan supplied these groups with logistical support, arms, recruits and training. Most commentators state that this led to the rise of an armed insurgency movement composed, in part, of those who unfairly lost the elections. The elections were allegedly rigged in favour of Abdullah. A year later, Abdullah reached an accord with the new Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and announced an alliance with the Indian National Congress for the elections of 1987. Farooq Abdullah eventually fell out of favour with the Central Government and the Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had his government toppled with the help of his brother-in-law G. Īfter Sheikh Abdullah's death, his son Farooq Abdullah took over as Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir. The trend in total yearly civilian and security forces fatalities from insurgency-related violence over 25 years from 1988 to 2013.
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The 283 people killed in all of 2019 was the highest toll for a decade. Clashes in the first half of 2020 left 229 dead, including 32 civilians. Since the revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir in August 2019, the Indian military has intensified its counter-insurgency operations. Some rights groups claim a higher figure of 100,000 deaths since 1989. According to official figures released in Jammu and Kashmir assembly, there were 3,400 disappearance cases and the conflict has left more than 47,000 people dead which also includes 7,000 police personnel as of July 2009. Many civilians have also died as a result of being targeted by the various armed groups. The conflict between the militants and the Indian forces have led to large number of casualties. This had happened partly due to a large number of Islamic "Jihadi" fighters (mujahideen) who had entered the Kashmir valley following the end of the Soviet–Afghan War in the 1980s. Several new militant groups with radical Islamic views emerged and changed the ideological emphasis of the movement to Islamic. India has repeatedly called Pakistan to end its "cross-border terrorism" in Kashmir. In 2015, former President of Pakistan Pervez Musharraf admitted that Pakistan had supported and trained insurgent groups in the 1990s. The Inter-Services Intelligence of Pakistan has been accused by India and the international community of supporting, supplying arms and training mujahideen, to fight in Jammu and Kashmir. Pakistan claims to be giving its "moral and diplomatic" support to the separatist movement.
#Insurgency weapon stats series#
In July 1988, a series of demonstrations, strikes and attacks on the Indian government began the Kashmir insurgency, which during the 1990s escalated into the most important internal security issue in India. In 1987, a disputed State election created a catalyst for the insurgency when it resulted in some of the state's legislative assembly members forming armed insurgent groups. Democratic development was limited in Kashmir until the late 1970s and by 1988 many of the democratic reforms provided by the Indian government had been reversed and non-violent channels for expressing discontent were limited and caused a dramatic increase in support for insurgents advocating violent secession from India.
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More explicitly, the roots of the insurgency are tied to a dispute over local autonomy. Some insurgent groups in Kashmir support the complete independence, whereas others seek accession to Pakistan. Although the failure of Indian governance and democracy lay at the root of the initial disaffection, Pakistan played an important role in converting the latter into a fully developed insurgency.
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Jammu and Kashmir, long a breeding ground of separatist ambitions, has been wracked by the insurgency since 1989. The insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir (also Kashmiri Insurgency, or Kashmir intifada ) is against the Indian administration of Jammu and Kashmir, a region constituting the southern portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947. Islamic State-aligned Dawood Ahmed Sofi † Other separatist Movements & Insurgent militant groups.The Resistance Front (TRF) ( Lashkar-e-Taiba and Hizbul Mujahideen leaders form the core of the TRF.).